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Dulwich
Dulwich is a settlement mostly in the London Borough of Southwark with parts in the London Borough of Lambeth. Dulwich, West Dulwich and East Dulwich covers a fertile valley in between the neighbouring districts of Camberwell, Crystal Palace, Denmark Hill, Forest Hill, Gipsy Hill, Herne Hill, Honor Oak, Peckham, Sydenham Hill, Tulse Hill and West Norwood. Dulwich was in Surrey until 1889 when the County of London was created.
Dulwich is also known as the location of the Dulwich Picture Gallery and Dulwich College.
The first documented evidence of Dulwich is as a hamlet outside London in 967AD, granted by King Edgar to one of his thanes Earl Aelfheah. The name of Dulwich has been spelt in various ways, Dilwihs, Dylways, Dullag, and may come from two old English words, Dill, a white flower, and wihs, meaning a damp meadow, giving a meaning of 'the meadow where dill grows'.
King Harold owned the land at one point, and after 1066, King William I of England. In 1333, the population of Dulwich was recorded as 100.
In 1538, Henry VIII seized control of Dulwich and sold it to goldsmith Thomas Calton for £609.
The Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn constructed a school and alms houses in Dulwich after his religious enlightenment, with many of the buildings carrying names that show this (eg. Dulwich College of God's Gift). The school was founded in 1619. Alleyn bought the Dulwich estate from Calton's grandson Sir Francis Calton for £4,900 in 1605.
Dulwich CollegeThe original alms houses and school were also attached to a new chapel, now the Edward Alleyn Chapel where Alleyn is buried. The school was moved to a new building around 1840 to accommodate larger numbers of pupils. This building is no longer used for the school, instead now housing the Estate's Governors. The school moved to larger premises and became Dulwich College in 1870. The new buildings having been designed by Charles Barry (junior), son of Sir Charles Barry who designed Westminster Palace seat of the United Kingdom Parliament.
In the 1600s, King Charles I of England visited Dulwich Woods on a regular basis to hunt. In 1738, a man named Samuel Bentyman was murdered in Dulwich Woods.[dubious – discuss] In 1739 a spa was discovered in Dulwich, which attracted visitors from miles around. Dr Glennie's Academy was established on the site years later, which is where Lord Byron was briefly educated in 1799. The 'Green Man' tavern stood nearby the site of the Wells, and then another public house, named 'The Grove' was built.
Dulwich Picture GalleryIn 1803, Samuel Matthews - known as the 'Dulwich Hermit' - was also murdered in Dulwich Woods; he was buried in Dulwich Old Cemetery.[dubious – discuss] 1811-1814 saw the building of the Dulwich Picture Gallery.
By 1901, the population was recorded as 10,247.
Source: Wikipedia
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